A Measles Surge in Europe: Unvaccinated Communities at Risk
The latest ECDC report for December 2025 paints a concerning picture of measles cases in Europe. Despite a notable decrease from the previous year, with 7,655 cases reported across 30 countries, the numbers are still alarmingly high. This surge in measles infections, almost double that of 2023, highlights a critical issue that demands our attention.
Measles, a highly contagious disease, spreads rapidly through the air. To prevent its transmission, a significant portion of the population must be immune. The ECDC recommends that at least 95% of the eligible population receive two doses of the measles vaccine, following national guidelines. However, the data reveals a worrying trend: similar to 2024, a vast majority (80%) of those infected in 2025 had not been vaccinated.
"These figures are a stark reminder that measles remains a significant public health concern in Europe," says Sabrina Bacci, Head of the ECDC's vaccine-preventable diseases program. "We have the means to eliminate measles, with a safe and effective vaccine, robust surveillance tools, and the necessary resources. Yet, we are not seeing the progress we should be making."
But here's where it gets controversial: measles is not just a threat to the unvaccinated. It's a highly contagious disease that affects all age groups. While infants and young children are particularly vulnerable, with 40% of infections in 2025 occurring in children under five, adults and adolescents are also at risk. Among those with known vaccination status, the majority had not received the measles vaccine.
"Measles is a serious disease, and its impact goes beyond individual health. When we vaccinate, we protect not only ourselves but also those who cannot be vaccinated due to medical reasons or age. It's an act of solidarity and a crucial step towards eliminating measles," Bacci emphasizes.
And this is the part most people miss: even if you're an adult, you need to ensure you're fully vaccinated. The MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is not just for children. Adults and adolescents should check their vaccination status and consider a booster dose if needed. This is especially important given the seasonal nature of measles infections, with peaks during late winter and early spring.
"Vaccination is the key to protection, both at home and when traveling," says Bacci. "The MMR vaccine takes at least two weeks to become effective, so it's advisable to check your vaccination status well in advance, especially if you're traveling to an area where measles is circulating."
For adults and parents or caregivers, here are some key considerations:
- Check your vaccination status: Ensure you and your children are up to date with the MMR vaccination schedule, whether you're staying at home or planning a trip.
- Know the symptoms: High fever, cough, runny nose, red and watery eyes, and a characteristic red rash starting at the hairline and spreading downwards are all signs of measles. It's important to recognize these symptoms early.
- Seek professional advice: If you're unsure about your vaccination history or need guidance on vaccinating younger children, consult a healthcare professional. They can provide personalized advice and ensure you're taking the necessary steps to protect yourself and your family.
The data for 2025 is still being consolidated, and additional measles cases may be reported in the coming months. Stay informed and take action to protect yourself and your community. For more information, visit the European Vaccination Information Portal and explore the resources provided by the ECDC.
Let's work together to eliminate measles and create a healthier Europe. The power is in our hands, and the choice is clear: vaccinate to protect ourselves and those around us.
